CLONAL FRUIT TREE ROOTSTOCK 
            M.111 EMLA
              Size: Approximately 80-85% of standard.
              Semi-vigorous rootstock requiring no support.
              Resistant to collar rot. Very resistant to drought and tolerant of
               both heavy and light soils.  
            M.106 EMLA
              Size: Approximately 60-65% of standard.
              Semi-vigorous rootstock that crops early and requires
              no support. Resistant to woolly aphid, but susceptible
              to collar rot.  
            M.7 EMLA
              Size: Approximately 50-60% of standard.
              Semi-dwarf rootstock that may require support.
              Good resistance to collar rot. Resistant to fire blight.
              Adapts well to a wide range of soil types and climates.
              Has tendency to sucker. 
            GENEVA 30
              Size: Approximately 45-55% of standard.
              Cornell University introduction . Has good anchorage
              and precocity. Resistant to collar rot and fire blight.  Virus
              free scion wood recommended with this rootstock.

            M.26 EMLA
              Size: Approximately 45-50% of standard.
              Dwarf rootstock that generally requires support. Early
              producer with excellent cold hardiness.  Works well in most
              soil types.  Prone to burr knots and susceptible to fire blight .

            GENEVA 11
              Size:  Approximately 40-45% of standard
              New Cornell University introduction.  Recommend using support.  
              Good precocity.   Resistant to collar rot and fire blight.  Virus free
              scion wood recommended with this rootstock.

            M.9 EMLA
              Size: Approximately 30% of standard.
              Dwarf rootstock that requires support.  Precocious and
              produces large fruit. Resistant to collar rot and suitable for
              most soil types. Susceptible to fire blight.

            PAJAM 2® CEPILAND (PP 7715) *
              Size: Approximately 30% of standard.
              Dwarf rootstock that produces a tree similar in size to M.9 EMLA
              or NIC® 29.  Requires support.  Is susceptible to fire blight.  Has superior
               rooting in comparison with other 9 clones.
              Note:  Royalty of $0.02 per stock not included  

            NIC® 29 (PP 10714)
              Size:  Approximately 30% of standard
              Dwarf rootstock that produces a tree similar in size to M.9 EMLA.
              Requires support.  Susceptible to fire blight.  Has superior rooting in
              comparison with other 9 clones, similar rooting to PAJAM 2 Cepiland (PP 7715)
              Note:  Royalty of $0.05  per stock  not included

            BUD 9
              Size: Approximately 25-30% of standard.
              Dwarf rootstock that requires support. Excellent cold hardiness,
              precocious and produces large fruit. Resistant to collar rot, but
              susceptible to fire blight.

            GENEVA 16
              Size: Approximately 25% of standard.
              New Cornell University introduction .  Very precocious dwarf
              rootstock that requires support.  Resistant to collar rot
              and fire blight.  Virus free scion wood recommended with this rootstock
              Note:  18% Royalty not included

            M.9 NAKB T.337
              Size: Approximately 25% of standard.
              Dwarf rootstock that requires support. Very precocious and
              produces large fruit. Resistant to collar rot and does not produce
              many suckers. Susceptible to fire blight.

            M.27 EMLA
              Size: Approximately 20% of standard.
              Dwarf rootstock that requires support. Very precocious and
              produces large fruit. Susceptible to fire blight.

            PROVENCE QUINCE
              Size: Approximately 55% of standard.
              Precocious, high yielding and resistant to crown gall, pear
              decline and nematodes.

            PROVENCE QUINCE BA29C
              Size: Approximately 55% of standard.
              Precocious, high yielding and resistant to crown gall, pear
              decline and nematodes. More vigorous than PROVENCE QUINCE

            PRUNUS EMLA COLT
            (Layer or HW)
              Sweet cherry rootstock with seedling vigor depending on site.  Generally
              more precocious than PRUNUS AVIUM (Mazzard).  Resistant to phytophthora,
              but susceptible to crown gall.  Cold hardiness can be a concern.  Available as both
              a hardwood cutting (HV) or a layer.

            PRUNUS MARIANA 2624
            (HW)
              Standard size rootstock used for growing ornamental and fruiting plums.  Produces 
              a more uniform tree size with less suckering than seedling rootstock.
              Zone 4

            PRUNUS MYROBALAN 29C
            (HW)
              Standard size rootstock used for growing ornamental and fruiting plums.  Less
              suckering than the seedling rootstock and uniform tree size.  Resistant to root 
              knot nematode, mildly resistant to crown gall.
              Zone 4

            PYRUS OLD  HOME x FARMINGDALE 97 (HW)
              Seedling vigor rootstock for fruiting pear.  Has proven to be more productive
              than PYRUS COMMUNIS.  Resistant to fire blight.
              Zone 4

            PYRUS OLD HOME x  FARMINGDALE 333 (HW)
              Claimed smi-dwarf  rootstock for fruiting and flowering pear.  Resistant to
              fire blight and suckers (less than seedling understock).
              Zone 4

            PYRUS OLD HOME x FARMINGDALE 513 (HW)
              Reported semi-dwarf rootstock for fruiting pear.
              Zone 4

            *PAJAM 2 CEPILAND is licnesed by C.T.I.F.L. and C.E.P. of Paris, France.  Multiplication is prohibited without the
            consent of C.T.I.F.L. and C.E.P.

              Willamette Nurseries Colonal Fruit Tree Rootstock Prices
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